Effective Adsorption and Sensitive Detection of Cr(VI) by Chitosan/Cellulose Nanocrystals Grafted with Carbon Dots Composite Hydrogel

Abstract

Due to its lethal effect on the human body and other creatures, Cr(VI) ions have attained widespread public attention, and an effective adsorbent for removing Cr(VI) ions is vital. Chitosan (CS)/cellulose nanocrystals grafted with carbon dots (CNCD) composite hydrogel with strong sorption ability and sensitive detection ability for Cr(VI) was formed. The cellulose nanocrystals (CN) offered a natural skeleton for assembling 3D porous structures, and then improved the sorption ability for Cr(VI); moreover, carbon dots (CD) acted as a fluorescent probe for Cr(VI) and provided Cr(VI) adsorption sites. With a maximum adsorption capacity of 217.8 mg/g, the CS/CNCD composite hydrogel exhibited efficient adsorption properties. Meanwhile, with a detection limit of 0.04 μg/L, this hydrogel was used for selective and quantitative detection of Cr(VI). The determination of Cr(VI) was based on the inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching. This hydrogel retained its effective adsorption ability even after four repeated regenerations. Furthermore, the economic feasibility of the CS/CNCD composite hydrogel over activated carbon was confirmed using cost analysis. This study provided one new method for producing low-cost adsorbents with effective sorption and sensitive detection for Cr(VI).