Study of Persistent Foggy-Hazy Composite Pollution in Winter over Huainan Through Ground-Based and Satellite Measurements

Abstract

Through the observation of ground-based LIDAR and satellite sensors, the weather conditions of continuous foggy-hazy alternations in the Huainan region from 26 December 2016 to 5 January 2017 were analyzed and observed. In this study, the formation and influence of this event were discussed by analyzing pollutant concentrations, meteorological factors and aerosol optical characteristics. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increased significantly. The maximum value of PM10 was 412 μg/m3, and the maximum value of PM2.5 was 258 μg/m3. The transportation of pollutants and the production of man-made pollutants promote the accumulation of pollutants. In this weather process, meteorological factors such as the surface wind speed, humidity, surface temperature, and inversion also promote the accumulation of pollutants, which is the main reason for the formation of this weather process. Furthermore, the near surface air mass mainly came from the cities near the Huainan region and the heavily polluted areas in the north, while the upper air mass came from Inner Mongolia. In this paper, piecewise inversion was adopted to achieve accurate all-weather extinction coefficient profile inversion by reasonably selecting a cloud LIDAR ratio through a backscatter ratio, and the LIDAR ratio of cloud in this period was 22.57–34.14 Sr. By means of extinction coefficient inversion and correlation analysis, the correlation index of PM2.5 and the aerosol optical depth (AOD) was 0.7368, indicating that there was a positive correlation between PM2.5 and AOD, and AOD can also reflect the pollution condition of this region. The formation process of foggy-hazy weather in the Huainan region studied in this paper can provide a research basis for foggy-hazy pollution in this region.