A Metabolomic Analysis to Assess the Responses of the Male Gonads of Mytilus galloprovincialis after Heavy Metal Exposure
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Published:2023-11-22
Issue:12
Volume:13
Page:1168
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ISSN:2218-1989
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Container-title:Metabolites
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Metabolites
Author:
Lettieri Gennaro1ORCID, Marinaro Carmela1ORCID, Brogna Carlo2, Montano Luigi3ORCID, Lombardi Martina4ORCID, Trotta Alessio4, Troisi Jacopo4ORCID, Piscopo Marina1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy 2. Department of Research, Craniomed Group Facility S.r.l., 20091 Bresso, Italy 3. Andrology Unit and Service of LifeStyle Medicine in Uro-Andrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy 4. Theoreo S.r.l.—Spin-off Company, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy
Abstract
In recent years, metabolomics has become a valuable new resource in environmental monitoring programs based on the use of bio-indicators such as Mytilus galloprovincialis. The reproductive system is extremely susceptible to the effects of environmental pollutants, and in a previous paper, we showed metabolomic alterations in mussel spermatozoa exposed to metal chlorides of copper, nickel, and cadmium, and the mixture with these metals. In order to obtain a better overview, in the present work, we evaluated the metabolic changes in the male gonad under the same experimental conditions used in the previous work, using a metabolomic approach based on GC-MS analysis. A total of 248 endogenous metabolites were identified in the male gonads of mussels. Statistical analyses of the data, including partial least squares discriminant analysis, enabled the identification of key metabolites through the use of variable importance in projection scores. Furthermore, a metabolite enrichment analysis revealed complex and significant interactions within different metabolic pathways and between different metabolites. Particularly significant were the results on pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, which highlighted the complex and interconnected nature of these biochemical processes in mussel gonads. Overall, these results add new information to the understanding of how certain pollutants may affect specific physiological functions of mussel gonads.
Subject
Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
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