Affiliation:
1. Electrical Energy Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036 900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Abstract
Distributed energy resources (DERs) based on renewable power, such as photovoltaic (PV), have been increasing worldwide. To support this growth, some technologies have been developed to increase the hosting capacity (HC) of distribution networks (DNs), such as the Soft Open Point (SOP), which can replace normally open switches in DNs with the advantage of allowing power and voltage control. The benefits of SOPs in terms of increasing distributed generation (DG) hosting capacity can be enhanced by network reconfiguration (NR). In this work, an optimization-based approach is proposed for placing SOP in DN with simultaneous NR; that is, the proposed algorithm consists of a promising alternative to previous works in the literature that deal with SOP placement and NR in an iteratively way or in a two-step procedure, considering that better results can be obtained by simultaneously handling both options, as shown in the introduced case studies. The optimization problem is modeled as nonlinear mixed-integer programming, and solved by a Multi-objective Artificial Immune System (MOAIS). The proposed algorithm is applied to a well-known medium-voltage (MV) test system that is widely used for the problem at hand, and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach to maximize the HC by optimizing the SOP installation site in the tested system. An important outcome is that the association of SOP planning and NR in a simultaneous manner tends to provide better quality solutions, where HC can overcome 400% for multiple SOPs. Another outcome is that the proposed MOAIS is able to provide good concurrent solutions to support the decision-making of the DN planner.
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
Reference29 articles.
1. (2022, September 16). REN21—Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (2022) Renewables 2022 Global Status Report, Paris. Available online: https://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/GSR2022_Full_Report.pdf.
2. IEA (International Energy Agency) (2022, September 16). Snapshot of Global PV Markets—2022. IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme. Report IEA-PVPS T1-42:2022, 2022. Available online: https://iea-pvps.org/snapshot-reports/snapshot-2022/.
3. Abideen, M.Z.U., Ellabban, O., and Al-Fagih, L. (2020). A Review of the tools and methods for distribution networks’ hosting capacity calculation. Energies, 13.
4. State-of-the-art of hosting capacity in modern power systems with distributed generation;Ismael;Renew. Energy,2019
5. Benefits analysis of soft open points for electrical distribution network operation;Cao;Appl. Energy,2016