Affiliation:
1. University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U13, CEA, BGE-Biomics, 38000 Grenoble, France
Abstract
The endothelial cells (EC) of established blood vessels in adults remain extraordinarily quiescent in the sense that they are not actively proliferating, but they fulfill the necessary role to control the permeability of their monolayer that lines the interior of blood vessels. The cell–cell junctions between ECs in the endothelium comprise tight junctions and adherens homotypic junctions, which are ubiquitous along the vascular tree. Adherens junctions are adhesive intercellular contacts that are crucial for the organization of the EC monolayer and its maintenance and regulation of normal microvascular function. The molecular components and underlying signaling pathways that control the association of adherens junctions have been described in the last few years. In contrast, the role that dysfunction of these adherens junctions has in contributing to human vascular disease remains an important open issue. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid mediator found at high concentrations in blood which has important roles in the control of the vascular permeability, cell recruitment, and clotting that follow inflammatory processes. This role of S1P is achieved through a signaling pathway mediated through a family of G protein-coupled receptors designated as S1PR1. This review highlights novel evidence for a direct linkage between S1PR1 signaling and the mediation of EC cohesive properties that are controlled by VE-cadherin.
Funder
French National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM
French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission
Fundamental Research Division/Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble/Department of Health/Biosciences et Bioingénierie pour la Santé
Ligue Nationale contre Le Cancer
Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte contre le Cancer
Grenoble Alliance for Integrated Structural & Cell Biology Foundation
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Cited by
2 articles.
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