Green Manuring with Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Mitigates Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions in a Rice-Ratooning System in Central China

Author:

Yao Lai1,Zhu Jie2,Yang Wei1,Zhao Dongzhu3,Zhou Yong4,Li Shaoqiu1,Nie Jiangwen1,Yi Lixia1,Liu Zhangyong1,Zhu Bo1

Affiliation:

1. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China

2. Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang 441057, China

3. Horticulture Workstation of Yongping County, Dali 672600, China

4. College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China

Abstract

The use of oilseed rape (OS, Brassica napus L.) as a winter green manure is crucial for enhancing soil fertility and reducing chemical N application in paddy fields. However, the impacts of replacing varying amounts of chemical N with OS on CH4 and N2O emissions in paddy soils have not been well evaluated. In this study, GHG emissions, soil properties and OS decomposition in a rice-ratooning system with different OS-urea N replacement rates (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) were investigated. Our results indicate that 84.7–90.7% of the initial C and 97.5–98.4% of the N were released during the 192-day decomposition process, and that the mineralization patterns of net C and net N in the OS residue were consistent with a single exponential decay model. The lowest CH4 emissions (9.97 g m−2) were observed at 0% OS, while the highest N2O emissions (0.40 g m−2) were observed at this level of substitution. Conversely, the highest CH4 emissions (20.71 g m−2) and lowest N2O emissions (0.07 g m−2) were observed at 100% OS. Compared to 0% substitution, 25% substitution significantly decreased GWP and GHGI without reducing rice grain yield. Environmental parameters such as soil redox, NH4+-N and residual N and C were shown to be significantly associated with CH4 emissions, whereas soil redox, NH4+-N and residual C were the main drivers of N2O emissions. In conclusion, 25% substitution of OS was the most cost-effective measure for balancing greenhouse gas emission and rice yield.

Funder

National Key Program of Strategic Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Shishou Leading County Advanced Technology Integrated Demonstration Base Construction

Publisher

MDPI AG

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