Highly Enhancing Electrical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Graphite Intercalation Compound Composites by In Situ Expansion during Melt Mixing

Abstract

Polypropylene/graphite intercalation compound (PP/GIC) composites are prepared via melt mixing at three different temperatures (180, 200, and 220 °C). The dispersion of GICs in the composites is clearly improved due to the increased interlamellar spacing caused by in situ expansion of GICs at higher temperatures, which facilitates the intercalation of PP molecular chains into the GIC galleries. As a result, the PP/GIC composite with 10 wt% GICs prepared at 220 °C (PG220) presents a dielectric constant of about 1.3 × 108 at 103 Hz, which is about six orders higher than that of the composite prepared at 180 °C (PG180). Moreover, the thermal conductivity of the PG220 sample (0.63 Wm−1K−1) is 61.5% higher than that of the PG180 sample. The well-dispersed GICs accelerates the crystallization of PP by increasing the nucleation point and enhances the thermal stability of the composites. The PG220 sample shows a Young’s modulus that is about 21.2% higher than that of the PG180 samples. The results provide an efficient approach for fabricating polymer/GIC composites without complex exfoliation and dispersion processes.