An MPPT Control of a PMSG-Based WECS with Disturbance Compensation and Wind Speed Estimation

Abstract

The paper presents simulation research on a variable structure control scheme of a small variable-speed fixed-pitch wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in variable wind conditions. The WECS is connected to a power grid through two back-to-back voltage source converters (VSCs) with a DC link. The presented control algorithm is based on feedforward compensation of the wind turbine aerodynamic torque estimated using a linear disturbance observer (DOB). The torque estimate is employed to determine the effective wind speed, required for setting the reference angular speed, using numerical zero search of a nonlinear function. The simulation model, built in the Matlab/Simulink environment using the Simscape Electrical toolbox, includes the field-oriented control of the PMSG via the machine VSC, performed by cascaded angular velocity and current/torque PI controllers, as well as synchronization with the grid and the reactive power control via the grid VSC. The presented results are focused on the performance of the proposed control in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operating region of the WECS for various wind speed profiles.