Functionalization of the NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Surface through Innovative Hydroxyapatite/Ag-TiO2 Hybrid Coatings

Author:

Dudek Karolina1ORCID,Dulski Mateusz2ORCID,Podwórny Jacek1,Kujawa Magdalena1,Gerle Anna1,Rawicka Patrycja3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Cementowa 8, 31-983 Kraków, Poland

2. Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland

3. Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland

Abstract

The objective of this research was to develop a surface modification for the NiTi shape memory alloy, thereby enabling its long-term application in implant medicine. This was achieved through the creation of innovative multifunctional hybrid layers comprising a nanometric molecular system of silver-rutile (Ag-TiO2), known for its antibacterial properties, in conjunction with bioactive submicro- and nanosized hydroxyapatite (HAp). The multifunctional, continuous, crack-free coatings were produced using the electrophoretic deposition method (EPD) at 20 V/1 min. Structural and morphological analyses through Raman spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided comprehensive insights into the obtained coating. The silver within the layer existed in the form of nanometric silver carbonates (Ag2CO3) and metallic nanosilver. Based on DTA/TG results, dilatometric measurements, and high-temperature microscopy, the heat treatment temperature for the deposited layers was set at 800 °C for 2 h. The procedures applied resulted in the creation of a new generation of materials with a distinct structure compared with the initial nanopowders. The resulting composite layer, measuring 2 μm in thickness, comprised hydroxyapatite (HAp), apatite carbonate (CHAp), metallic silver, silver oxides, Ag@C, and rutile exhibiting a defective structure. This structural characteristic contributes significantly to its heightened activity, influencing both bioactivity and biocompatibility properties.

Funder

National Science Center in Poland

Publisher

MDPI AG

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