Deoxynivalenol Mycotoxin Inhibits Rabies Virus Replication In Vitro

Abstract

Rabies is a highly fatal disease, and it is vital to find effective ways to manage and control infection. There is a need for new effective antiviral drugs that are particularly effective treatments for rabies. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is known mainly for its toxicity, but at the molecular level, it can inhibit RNA and DNA replication, and there is increasing evidence that different doses of DON have a positive effect on inhibiting virus replication. Based on this, we evaluated the effect of DON on inhibiting the rabies virus in vitro. The inhibitory effect of DON on rabies virus activity was dose- and time-dependent, and 0.25 μg/mL of DON could inhibit 99% of rabies virus activity within 24 h. Furthermore, DON could inhibit the adsorption, entry, replication, and release of rabies virus but could not inactivate the virus. The inhibitory effect of DON on rabies virus may be achieved by promoting apoptosis. Our study provides a new perspective for the study of anti-rabies virus and expands the direction of action of mycotoxins.