How Much Visual Greenery Can Street Trees Generate from a Humanistic Perspective? An Attempt to Quantify the Canopy Green View Index Based on Tree Morphology

Abstract

Street trees are essential to urban ecological benefits and human well-being. The canopy morphology relates to the green view index (GVI), which needs to be calculated based on specific tree species. This study conducts a field study on 760 street trees of 3 species from the pedestrian perspective, and explores the differences in canopy GVI and its factors of different specifications of street trees using DBH grading. The results indicate that (1) street trees can provide 20% of the GVI in unilateral streets, with 13% of the GVI in a single canopy. (2) A flat oval crown with a wider canopy width is more effective in providing GVI than a long oval crown, and a CW with a higher canopy GVI highlights this advantage. (3) DBHs of 30 and 40 can be used as grading indicators for Cinnamomum camphora, and the specification requirements can be reduced for Southern magnolia and Chinese privet. (4) The concept of DE is introduced, and new parameters related to the central crown have significant impacts on GVI. The conclusions can improve the GVI application in urban greenery planning as well as have certain implications for the cost management of future seedling cultivation.