The Use of Pork from Entire Male and Immunocastrated Pigs for Meat Products—An Overview with Recommendations

Author:

Škrlep MartinORCID,Tomašević IgorORCID,Mörlein DanielORCID,Novaković SašaORCID,Egea Macarena,Garrido María DoloresORCID,Linares María BelénORCID,Peñaranda IreneORCID,Aluwé Marijke,Font-i-Furnols MariaORCID

Abstract

Due to the strong public initiative in Europe and increased regulator focus to mitigate pain, surgical castration of pigs is being gradually abandoned, while the importance of other sex categories like entire males (EM) and immunocastrates (IC) increases. Although beneficial for animal welfare and economics, their use also brings forward several quality problems. Besides the occurrence of boar taint in EM, these include excessive carcass leanness, softer fat, meat color and pH deviations, inferior water holding capacity and increased meat toughness. In this paper, the raw material differences between the male sex categories and their influence on product quality are reviewed, and possible solutions are presented. Using EM for dried or thermally processed products may result in lower processing yields and inferior sensory quality, which may partially be prevented by applying specific processing adaptations. Immunocastration is a viable solution, especially when prolonging the vaccination to slaughter interval. Low to medium levels of boar taint can be effectively managed in most of the meat products, applying procedures like cooking, microbial inoculation or masking (by spices and especially smoking), while highly tainted material can be valorized only by combining various methods and/or with dilution of the tainted meat.

Funder

Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS

Generalitat de Catalunya

INIA

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

Reference181 articles.

1. Entire male pig production in Europe

2. Second Progress Report 2015–2017 on the European Declaration on Alternatives to Surgical Castration of Pigs https://www.boarsontheway.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Second-progress-report-2015-2017-final-1.pdf

3. Resource efficiency and economic implications of alternatives to surgical castration without anaesthesia

4. Animal welfare implications of surgical castration and its alternatives in pigs

5. Physiological aspects of androstenone and skatole formation in the boar—A review with experimental data

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3