Simulation Study of Microphysical and Electrical Processes of a Thunderstorm in Sichuan Basin

Abstract

Based on the Morrison Two-Moment Scheme coupled with the non-inductive electrification mechanism and the discharge parameterization scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, a thunderstorm process was simulated by using the WRF electrical coupling model in Sichuan Basin on 21 July 2019, in this paper. Through analysis and discussion of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the thunderstorm activity and the microphysical and dynamic processes, respectively, the study shows that the simulation results of radar echo and lightning are well consistent with the meteorological observation which indicates the WRF model has a certain ability to reproduce the thunderstorm process in Sichuan Basin, there is a good correspondence between the main electrification area and the distribution position of the ice-phase particles in the thunderstorm. The simulated charge structure of the thunderstorm is that the graupel particles are mainly negatively charged, the ice crystals and snow particles are mainly positively charged, and the thunderstorm shows a dipole charge structure with an upper positive charge center and a lower negative charge center. It also shows that the updrafts greatly influence ice-graupel and snow-graupel collisions during the thunderstorm discharge process, the higher the updraft speed, the stronger the electrical activity, and, especially, the stronger the discharge process of ice-particle collisions and separation.