Long-COVID Inducement Mechanism Based on the Path Module Correlation Coefficient

Abstract

As the number of COVID-19 cases increases, the long-COVID symptoms become the focus of clinical attention. Based on the statistical analysis of long-COVID symptoms in European and Chinese populations, this study proposes the path module correlation coefficient, which can estimate the correlation between two modules in a network, to evaluate the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-COVID symptoms, providing a theoretical support for analyzing the frequency of long-COVID symptoms in European and Chinese populations. The path module correlation coefficients between specific COVID-19-related genes in the European and Chinese populations and genes that may induce long-COVID symptoms were calculated. The results showed that the path module correlation coefficients were completely consistent with the frequency of long-COVID symptoms in the Chinese population, but slightly different in the European population. Furthermore, the cathepsin C (CTSC) gene was found to be a potential COVID-19-related gene by a path module correlation coefficient correction rate. Our study can help to explore other long-COVID symptoms that have not yet been discovered and provide a new perspective to research this syndrome. Meanwhile, the path module correlation coefficient correction rate can help to find more species-specific genes related to COVID-19 in the future.