A Novel Adaptive Battery-Aware Algorithm for Data Transmission in IoT-Based Healthcare Applications

Abstract

The internet of things (IoT) comprises various sensor nodes for monitoring physiological signals, for instance, electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure, and temperature, etc., with various emerging technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and cellular networks. The IoT for medical healthcare applications forms the internet of medical things (IoMT), which comprises multiple resource-restricted wearable devices for health monitoring due to heterogeneous technological trends. The main challenge for IoMT is the energy drain and battery charge consumption in the tiny sensor devices. The non-linear behavior of the battery uses less charge; additionally, an idle time is introduced for optimizing the charge and battery lifetime, and hence the efficient recovery mechanism. The contribution of this paper is three-fold. First, a novel adaptive battery-aware algorithm (ABA) is proposed, which utilizes the charges up to its maximum limit and recovers those charges that remain unused. The proposed ABA adopts this recovery effect for enhancing energy efficiency, battery lifetime and throughput. Secondly, we propose a novel framework for IoMT based pervasive healthcare. Thirdly, we test and implement the proposed ABA and framework in a hardware platform for energy efficiency and longer battery lifetime in the IoMT. Furthermore, the transition of states is modeled by the deterministic mealy finite state machine. The Convex optimization tool in MATLAB is adopted and the proposed ABA is compared with other conventional methods such as battery recovery lifetime enhancement (BRLE). Finally, the proposed ABA enhances the energy efficiency, battery lifetime, and reliability for intelligent pervasive healthcare.