Research on Automotive Bidirectional CLLC Resonant Converters Based on High-Order Sliding Mode Control

Abstract

A CLLC resonant converter’s gain is easily influenced by the operating frequency, and when the operating frequency is adjusted over a wide range, the efficiency of the converter is greatly reduced. Traditional closed-loop control strategies also have disadvantages such as slow dynamic response and vulnerability to load. In this paper, a high-order sliding mode control (SMC) design method is proposed based on the current problems and the characteristics of automotive CLLC resonant converters. A sliding mode surface based on the output voltage characteristics of the CLLC converter includes higher-order differential terms for voltage and current and an error integral term for the output voltage, which reduces the operating frequency range of the converter and improves its dynamic responsiveness, thus increasing its efficiency. In order to verify the accuracy of the algorithm, a simulation model is built in MATLAB to verify the stability of the controller by varying the input voltage and the magnitude of the load and to verify the dynamics by abruptly varying parameters such as load and voltage. Comparing high-order SMC with PID control also shows that high-order SMC is more suitable for automotive converters.