Health Management of Bearings Using Adaptive Parametric VMD and Flying Squirrel Search Algorithms to Optimize SVM

Abstract

Bearing, as one of the core parts of rotating machinery, has a running state which is related to the overall operation of the system. Due to the bearing structure and its complex operating environment, running condition monitoring and fault diagnosis is always a key problem in the field of bearing health management, which is of great significance for bearing maintenance and equipment reliability and safety. In view of the difficulty in parameter selection and poor feature extraction ability of variational mode decomposition (VMD) in existing feature extraction, this paper uses the flying squirrel search algorithm (SSA) to optimize the parametric of decomposition layer k and penalty factor α in VMD, and forms an adaptive VMD signal decomposition method. To solve the problem of high dimensionality and long extraction time of multi-domain fault feature set, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is used to reduce feature dimensionality. Then, the processed features are input into the support vector machine (SVM) for fault diagnosis and classification, and the parameter optimization ability of SSA is used again to build the SSA-SVM fault diagnosis model. To evaluate the running state of bearings, an alarm threshold method based on the root mean square value calculated by cosine similarity and 3σ is proposed to divide samples of different health states. Finally, the method constructed in this paper is compared with other methods by using simulation and experimental data sets, and the running condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearings are successfully realized, which shows the superiority and effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.