1. Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
2. Missoula Fire Sciences Lab, USDA Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59808, USA
3. Department of Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
4. Conservation Biology Institute, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
5. Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA