Antileishmanial Activity and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Malachra alceifolia Jacq. Fractions against Leishmania mexicana Amastigotes
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Published:2023-02-14
Issue:2
Volume:8
Page:115
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ISSN:2414-6366
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Container-title:Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
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language:en
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Short-container-title:TropicalMed
Author:
Cervantes-Ceballos Leonor1ORCID, Mercado-Camargo Jairo1ORCID, del Olmo-Fernández Esther2ORCID, Serrano-García María Luisa3ORCID, Robledo Sara M.4ORCID, Gómez-Estrada Harold1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de Zaragocilla, Cartagena 130001, Colombia 2. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Área de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 3. Unidad de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1040, Venezuela 4. Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
Abstract
Malachra alceifolia Jacq. (family Malvaceae), known as “malva,” is a medicinal plant used as a traditional therapy in many regions of America, Africa and Asia. Traditionally, this plant is used in the form of extracts, powder and paste by populations for treating fever, stomachache, inflammation, and parasites. However, the ethnopharmacological validation of M. alceifolia has been scarcely researched. This study showed that the chloroform fraction (MA-IC) and subfraction (MA-24F) of the leaves of M. alceifolia exhibited a potential antileishmanial activity against axenic amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana pifanoi (MHOM/VE/60/Ltrod) and had high and moderate cytotoxic effects on the viability and morphology of macrophages RAW 264.7. This study reports, for the first time, possible terpenoid metabolites and derivatives present in M. alceifolia with activity against some biosynthetic pathways in L. mexicana amastigotes. The compounds from the subfractions MA-24F were highly active and were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and by a molecular docking study in L. mexicana target protein. This study demonstrates the potential modes of interaction and the theoretical affinity energy of the metabolites episwertenol, α-amyrin and methyl commate A, which are present in the active fraction MA-24F, at allosteric sites of the pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase, aldolase, phosphoglucose isomerase, transketolase, arginase and cysteine peptidases A, target proteins in some vital biosynthetic pathways were responsible for the survival of L. mexicana. Some phytoconstituents of M. alceifolia can be used for the search for potential new drugs and molecular targets for treating leishmaniases and infectious diseases. Furthermore, contributions to research and the validation and conservation of traditional knowledge of medicinal plants are needed globally.
Funder
National Program for Doctoral Formation Minciencias University of Cartagena-Colombia
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Immunology and Microbiology
Reference61 articles.
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