Carl Schmitt, Deepening the Pragmatic Ethos in the Machiavellian Tradition of the Twentieth Century

Abstract

Objective: To examine Schmitt's influence on the Machiavellian ethos, leading it to a more extreme and radical conception, in which politics focuses on the struggle between friends and enemies, in which war and violence are fundamental elements to achieve power and authority.   Methodology: In this sense, a critical review of Schmitt's influence on contemporary political pragmatism is made, considering the challenges facing twenty-first century democracy in terms of the defense of human rights and the inclusion of minorities.   Results and discussion: It is highlighted how this conception of Schmitt distances itself from the democratic tradition and human rights, putting at risk the fundamental values of society. While Schmitt's work represents an important contribution to political thought, his conception of politics based on violence and exclusion is not compatible with democracy and the universal values of humanity.   Conclusion: It is necessary to adopt a critical and reflective stance in the face of Schmitt's influence on political pragmatism, and to seek alternatives that allow the strengthening of democracy and respect for human rights in the current context.   Research implications: Currently, the ethos of contemporary political theory focuses on interdisciplinarity, inclusion, and diversity.