1. Senior Scientist, WISE Institute, Hankuk Univ. of Foreign Studies, P.O. Box 449-791, Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (corresponding author).
2. Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., P.O. Box 611-0011, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto, Japan.