1. Assistant Professor, School of Engineering, San Francisco State Univ., San Francisco, CA 94132 (corresponding author).
2. Professor, ATLSS Research Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015.
3. Associate Professor, Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education, Southeast Univ., Nanjing 210096, P.R. China.