1. Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223 (corresponding author).
2. Graduate Assistant, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223.
3. Managing Principal, Boyle Consulting Engineers, LLC, Charlotte, NC 28223.
4. Professor and Director, Center for Transportation Policy Studies, Univ. of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223.