1. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts Univ., Medford, MA 02155 (corresponding author).
2. Bridge Engineer, Kleinfelder, San Diego, CA 92101; formerly, Graduate Student, Tufts Univ., Medford, MA 02155.
3. Professor of Practice, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts Univ., Medford, MA 02155; and Vice President, Fay Spofford & Thorndike.
4. Senior Project Manager, Simpson Gumpertz and Heger, Waltham, MA 02453.