1. Ph.D. Student, School of Engineering, Cardiff Univ., Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.
2. Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing 100044, China (corresponding author).
3. Professor, School of Engineering, Cardiff Univ., Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK. ORCID:
4. Professor, School of Engineering, Cardiff Univ., Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.