1. Dept. of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel Univ., 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104 (corresponding author).
2. Dept. of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel Univ., 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104.
3. Center for Climate Systems Research, Columbia Univ.; and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025.