Understanding the Paradoxes of Multilevel Governing: Climate Change Policy in the European Union

Author:

Jordan Andrew1,van Asselt Harro2,Berkhout Frans3,Huitema Dave4,Rayner Tim5

Affiliation:

1. Andrew Jordan is Professor of Environmental Politics in the Tyndall Centre, School of Environmental Sciences at the University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. He is particularly interested in the governance of environmental problems in different political contexts, but especially the European Union. He is the author of Environmental Policy in the European Union (Earthscan, 3e, 2012). His other recent books include Governing Sustainability (ed., Cambridge University Press, 2008), Climate Change Policy in the...

2. Harro van Asselt is a Research Fellow with the Stockholm Environment Institute, as well as a Visiting Research Associate at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, and a PhD researcher with the Institute for Environmental Studies of the VU University Amsterdam. He is co-editor of Climate Change Policy in the European Union (Cambridge University Press, 2010). He has published extensively on issues related to global climate governance in edited books and journals. He is the editor of the...

3. Frans Berkhout is Professor of Innovation and Sustainability, and Director of the Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM) at the VU University and the Amsterdam Global Change Institute (AGCI) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. His research is concerned with technology, policy and sustainability, with a specific focus on climate policy.

4. Dave Huitema is Associate Professor Environmental Policy at the Institute for Environmental Studies at the VU University Amsterdam. He is interested in environmental governance, and focuses on water and climate change specifically. His research interests include adaptive co-management, policy change and learning, public participation, science-policy interactions, policy evaluation, and policy instruments. His publications include Climate Change Policy in the EU (ed., Cambridge University Press, 2010),...

5. Tim Rayner is a Senior Research Associate at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. His main research interest is in the development of climate change policy in the European Union and the means by which it can be evaluated, which he is currently pursuing in the EU 7th Framework Programme-funded RESPONSES project. He is co-editor of Climate Change Policy in the EU (ed., Cambridge University Press, 2010) and has co-authored numerous related publications.

Abstract

The European Union (EU) has sought to lead the world in the adoption of ambitious climate change mitigation targets and policies. In an attempt to characterize and broadly explain the resulting pattern of EU climate governance, scholars have employed the term “multi-level reinforcement.” This term does help to account for the paradoxical situation whereby the EU seeks to lead by example but is itself a relatively leaderless system of governance. Drawing on a much fuller empirical account of the evolution of EU climate governance, this article finds that the term captures some but not all aspects of the EU's approach. It identifies four other paradoxical features of the EU's approach and assesses the extent to which they exhibit “multi-level reinforcement.” It concludes by looking forward and examining the extent to which all five features are expected to enable and/or constrain the EU's ability to maintain a leading position in climate governance.

Publisher

MIT Press - Journals

Subject

Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Political Science and International Relations,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Global and Planetary Change

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