1. Back, T., Hoffmeister, F. & Schwefel, H.P. (199 1). A survey of evolution strategies. In R. K. Belew & L. B. Booker (Eds.), Pmceedizgs of the Fourth lntemational Conference on Genetic Algorithms (pp. 2-9). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
2. Bean, J. C. & Hadj-Alouane, A. B. (1992). Adiialgeizeticalgoritbmforboll?zded integerprogr-ams. Technical Report T R 92-53, Ann Arbor, MI: University ofMichigan, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering.
3. Bilchev, G. (1995). Private communication.
4. Bilchev, G. & Parmee, I. (1995). Ant colony search vs. genetic algorithms. Technical Report. Plymouth, UK: University of Plymouth, Plymouth Engineering Design Centre.
5. Colorni, A., Dorigo, M. & Maniezzo, V. (1991). Distributed optimization by ant colonies. In P. Bourgine & F. Varela (Eds.), Aaceedingsof the First European Coizference o n Artificial L i f . Cambridge, MA: M I T PresdBradford Books.