Mechanisms of mandatory vaccination: problems and solutions

Abstract

The problems of introducing mandatory vaccination against various infections exist both in foreign countries and in Russia. The World is searching for optimal legal incentives for the activity of the population in the immunoprophylaxis of diseases to ensure public health and infectious safety of the population. The purpose of the study. To assess the implementation of mechanisms for the introduction of mandatory vaccination in foreign countries and Russia, to identify problems and ways to solve them. Materials and methods: Normative legal acts, scientific literature, court decisions. The study used dialectical and logical methods, which created the basis for a comprehensive study of the optimal mechanisms of vaccination. There was applied the system-structural method allowed investigating the problem of non-vaccination in its relationship with the constitutional guarantee of public health protection in the Russian Federation, the comparative legal method that allowed analyzing regulations in different countries of the world. Results. There are analyzed modern legal mechanisms of mandatory vaccination in foreign countries and in Russia. The existing threats of non-vaccination for public health are identified. The main forms of legal responsibility for non-compliance with vaccination requirements by Russian citizens are established. Limitations. The implementation of the vaccination process in the Russian Federation is carried out on the basis of federal legislation, which ensures the legality, unity of the requirements of its management throughout the country and reliability of the study. Conclusion. The preservation of public health is a constitutional duty of public authorities, therefore, in the conditions of epidemics and pandemics. It is possible to establish mandatory vaccination and restrictions on the rights of citizens, which must be justified and temporary.