1. Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
3. AKI‐CARE (Acute Kidney Injury Clinical Advancement, Research and Education) Center, Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
4. Big Data Center China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
5. Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA