Numerical simulation of the grouting penetration process by developing a temperature‐dependent spatial–temporal rheological model

Abstract

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the grout penetration process in rock fracture using a self‐developed grouting simulator, in which the spatial–temporal characteristics of the grout properties are adequately considered. To this end, time‐dependent Bingham models as rheological equations, which consider the time‐dependent characteristics of the cement‐sodium silicate grout properties induced by grout hydration, were proposed first by the experimental method. Then, the new grouting simulator was developed by integrating the time‐dependent Bingham model, modified stepwise algorithm, and fluid flow solver. To verify the developed model, two benchmark tests were conducted. Finally, to further explore the influences of the injection rates, ratios of cement to sodium silicate (C/S ratios) and temperatures on the grouting process, a series of numerical grouting examples were systematically conducted. The results indicate that the developed simulator can accurately model the penetration process of the grout with temperature‐dependent spatial–temporal rheological characteristics, especially the grouting pressure distribution in the grouted zone. With the increase of the C/S ratios and temperatures, the grout pressure in the grouted zone increases. The grout pressure distribution is greatly dependent on the injection rates and C/S ratios but is relatively less affected by the temperatures.