Lipid profile, ox‐LDL, and LCAT activity in patients with endometrial carcinoma and type 2 diabetes: The effect of concurrent disease based on a case–control study

Abstract

AbstractBackground and AimThe role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) in endometrial cancer (EC) or EC with concurrent type 2 diabetes is still unclear. This study investigated the LCAT activity, ox‐LDL, and lipid profile in EC patients with or without type 2 diabetes and compared them with healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes alone.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional, case–control study, 93 female participants were recruited. The participants were divided into four groups, including EC with type 2 diabetes (n = 19), EC without type 2 diabetes (n = 17), type 2 diabetes (n = 31), and healthy controls (n = 26). Sociodemographic information, the LCAT activity, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and ox‐LDL levels were collected. One‐way analysis of variance and analysis of covariance, Student's t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, and χ2‐test were used to compare demographic features and laboratory results among studied groups. Regression analyses were also performed to evaluate the interaction effect between EC and type 2 diabetes on serum LCAT activity.ResultsThe LCAT activity was significantly lower, and ox‐LDL levels were significantly higher in all patient groups compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.001). EC patients had significantly lower LCAT activity and higher ox‐LDL levels than type 2 diabetes and healthy groups (p < 0.05). Higher levels of TG and lower levels of HDL‐C were observed in all patient groups compared to the healthy group (all p < 0.001). Patients with EC and concomitant type 2 diabetes had significantly lower serum LDL‐C levels than healthy and type 2 diabetes groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe combination of EC and type 2 diabetes had a subadditive effect on LCAT activity and ox‐LDL level. The lowest LCAT activity and the highest ox‐LDL levels were observed in patients with EC and concurrent type 2 diabetes.