Unveiling the Anionic Redox Chemistry in Phosphate Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

AbstractAnionic redox chemistry has aroused increasing attention in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) by virtue of the appealing additional capacity. However, up to now, anionic redox reaction has not been reported in the mainstream phosphate cathodes for SIBs. Herein, the ultrathin VOPO4 nanosheets are fabricated as promising cathodes for SIBs, where the oxygen redox reaction is first activated accompanied by reversible ClO4− (from the electrolyte) insertion/extraction. As a result, the VOPO4 cathode harvests a record‐high capacity (168 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C) among its counterparts ever reported. Moreover, the ClO4− insertion efficiently expands the interlayer spacing of VOPO4 and accelerates the ion diffusion, enabling an unprecedentedly high rate performance (69 mAh g−1 at 30 C). Via systematic ex situ characterizations and theoretical computations, the anionic redox chemistry and charge storage mechanism upon cycling are thoroughly elucidated. This study opens up a new avenue toward high‐energy phosphate cathodes for SIBs by triggering anionic redox reactions.