1. School of Material Science and Engineering National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction Metallic Materials Surface Functionalization Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 P. R. China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
3. Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 P. R. China
4. School of Preclinical Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China