Affiliation:
1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310009 P. R. China
2. Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310009 P. R. China
3. Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310009 P. R. China
4. Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310009 P. R. China
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are transport vesicles secreted by living cells and released into the extracellular environment. Recent studies have shown that EVs serve as “messengers” in intercellular and inter‐organismal communication, in both normal and pathological processes. EVs, as natural nanocarriers, can deliver bioactivators in therapy with their endogenous transport properties. This review article describes the engineering EVs of sources, isolation method, cargo loading, boosting approach, and adjustable targeting of EVs. Furthermore, the review summarizes the recent progress made in EV‐based delivery systems applications, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, liver, kidney, nervous system diseases, and COVID‐19 and emphasizes the obstacles and challenges of EV‐based therapies and possible strategies.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Department of Health of Zhejiang Province
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
35 articles.
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