Deep Multiphase Conversion Derived from NiTe2 Nanosheets with Preferred Kinetics for Highly Reversible Mild Aqueous Zinc–Tellurium Batteries

Author:

Si Jingying123,Sun Yuanhe23,Qi Rui23,Lei Qi23,Zhang Wei23,Ren Zhiguo23,Zhao Yuanxin23,Li Haitao23,Lin Mengru23,Wen Wen23,Zhang Jincang1,Feng Zhenjie1,Gao Yi23,Li Xiaolong23,Zhu Daming23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

2. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China

3. Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China

Abstract

AbstractConversion‐type tellurium‐based cathodes have attracted great attention in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) due to potentially high capacity with impressive Te4+/Te0/Te2− conversion. However, impeded by the low‐conductivity Te4+ species and unpreferred kinetics, realizing deep zinc‐tellurium redox remains a major challenge. Herein, energetic NiTe2 nanosheets are first proposed and implemented as preprepared tellurium‐based deep redox cathodes in AZIBs with accelerated electron transport and favorable kinetics. Operando synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and comprehensive ex situ characterizations demonstrate that Te4+ species from direct oxidation of NiTe2 in dilute mild‐aqueous electrolyte undergo a thermodynamic two‐step TeO2→Te→ZnTe discharge process, while the intertwined tellurium oxides and high‐conductivity nickel monomers derived in situ from NiTe2 nanosheets promote a kinetics‐preferred one‐step ZnTe→TeO2 charging conversion with significantly boosted reversibility. Therefore, a high capacity of 510 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and 93% capacity retention over 400 cycles at 2000 mA g−1 are established. Operando pH tracking and electrode‐electrolyte engineering analyses define that the mild electrolyte environment rich in moisture and electrode conductivity optimization are both critical for achieving reversible tellurium deep redox conversion.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Publisher

Wiley

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