1. The “trust” line of thinking does not foreclose on the possibility of other causes for racial disparities in morbidity and mortality. However I will show in this paper that trust is overemphasized as a cause and it is this overemphasis that causes further harm to Black patients.
2. See for example J.GramlichandC.Funk “Black Americans Face Higher COVID‐19 Risks Are More Hesitant to Trust Medical Scientists Get Vaccinated ” Pew Research Center June 4 2020 https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/06/04/black-americans-face-higher-covid-19-risks-are-more-hesitant-to-trust-medical-scientists-get-vaccinated/; M. Hostetter and S. Klein “Understanding and Ameliorating Medical Mistrust among Black Americans ” newsletter Commonwealth Fund January 14 2020 https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletter-article/2021/jan/medical-mistrust-among-black-americans; J. Corey Williams “Black Americans Don't Trust Our Healthcare System—Here's Why ”Hill(blog) August 24 2017 https://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/healthcare/347780-black-americans-dont-have-trust-in-our-healthcare-system?rl=1; A. Morrison and J. Reeves “Amid Coronavirus Pandemic Black Mistrust of Medicine Looms ”Associated Press April 5 2020 https://apnews.com/article/health-us-news-ap-top-news-ms-state-wire-virus-outbreak-5aa41953a211049f53a62df18b6f7b87; D. Royles “Years of Medical Abuse Make Black Americans Less Likely to Trust the Coronavirus Vaccine ”Washington Post December 15 2020.
3. Logic and Conversation;Grice H. P.;Syntax and Semantics 3: Speech Acts,2008
4. Stereotyping across intersections of race and age: Racial stereotyping among White adults working with children