Affiliation:
1. NanoBio High‐Tech Materials Research Center Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering Inha University 100 Inha‐ro Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea
2. Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA
3. Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University‐Seoul Seoul 04620 Republic of Korea
4. Decommissioning Technology Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) Daejeon 34057 Republic of Korea
5. Nuclear Science and Technology, Quantum Energy Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
Abstract
AbstractTritium is a sustainable next‐generation prime fuel for generating nuclear energy through fusion reactions to fulfill the increasing global energy demand. Owing to the scarcity–high demand tradeoff, tritium must be bred inside a fusion reactor to ensure sustainability and must therefore be separated from its isotopes (protium and deuterium) in pure form, stored safely, and supplied on demand. Existing multistage isotope separation technologies exhibit low separation efficiency and require intensive energy inputs and large capital investments. Furthermore, tritium‐contaminated heavy water constitutes a major fraction of nuclear waste, and accidents like the one at Fukushima Daiichi leave behind thousands of tons of diluted tritiated water, whose removal is beneficial from an environmental point of view. In this review, the recent progress and main research trends in hydrogen isotope storage and separation by focusing on the use of metal hydride (e.g., intermetallic, and high‐entropy alloys), porous (e.g., zeolites and metal organic frameworks (MOFs)), and 2‐D layered (e.g., graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), and MXenes) materials to separate and store tritium based on their diverse functionalities are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future directions for implementing tritium storage and separation are summarized in the reviewed materials.
Funder
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
National Research Foundation of Korea
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science
Cited by
1 articles.
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