Tree demographic strategies largely overlap across succession in Neotropical wet and dry forest communities

Author:

Schorn Markus E.12ORCID,Kambach Stephan3ORCID,Chazdon Robin L.45,Craven Dylan67ORCID,Farrior Caroline E.8,Meave Jorge A.9ORCID,Muñoz Rodrigo910,van Breugel Michiel1112,Amissah Lucy13,Bongers Frans10ORCID,Hérault Bruno141516ORCID,Jakovac Catarina C.1017,Norden Natalia18,Poorter Lourens10ORCID,van der Sande Masha T.10ORCID,Wirth Christian11920,Delgado Diego21,Dent Daisy H.122223,DeWalt Saara J.24,Dupuy Juan M.25,Finegan Bryan21ORCID,Hall Jefferson S.12,Hernández‐Stefanoni José L.25,Lopez Omar R.122627,Rüger Nadja1212

Affiliation:

1. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany

2. Department of Economics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany

3. Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany

4. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA

5. Tropical Forests and People Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Queensland Australia

6. GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment Universidad Mayor Santiago Chile

7. Data Observatory Foundation ANID Technology Center Santiago Chile

8. Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA

9. Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico

10. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands

11. Department of Geography National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

12. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ancón Panama

13. CSIR‐Forestry Research Institute of Ghana Kumasi Ghana

14. CIRAD, UPR Forêts et Sociétés Yamoussoukro Côte d'Ivoire

15. Forêts et Sociétés Université Montpellier, CIRAD Montpellier France

16. Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët‐Boigny, INP‐HB Yamoussoukro Côte d'Ivoire

17. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil

18. Programa de Ciencias Básicas de la Biodiversidad Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Bogotá Colombia

19. Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Institute for Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany

20. Max‐Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena Germany

21. CATIE – Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza Turrialba Costa Rica

22. Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK

23. Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland

24. Department of Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson South Carolina USA

25. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY) Unidad de Recursos Naturales Mérida Mexico

26. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT) Clayton Panama

27. Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá Panama City Panama

Abstract

AbstractSecondary tropical forests play an increasingly important role in carbon budgets and biodiversity conservation. Understanding successional trajectories is therefore imperative for guiding forest restoration and climate change mitigation efforts. Forest succession is driven by the demographic strategies—combinations of growth, mortality and recruitment rates—of the tree species in the community. However, our understanding of demographic diversity in tropical tree species stems almost exclusively from old‐growth forests. Here, we assembled demographic information from repeated forest inventories along chronosequences in two wet (Costa Rica, Panama) and two dry (Mexico) Neotropical forests to assess whether the ranges of demographic strategies present in a community shift across succession. We calculated demographic rates for >500 tree species while controlling for canopy status to compare demographic diversity (i.e., the ranges of demographic strategies) in early successional (0–30 years), late successional (30–120 years) and old‐growth forests using two‐dimensional hypervolumes of pairs of demographic rates. Ranges of demographic strategies largely overlapped across successional stages, and early successional stages already covered the full spectrum of demographic strategies found in old‐growth forests. An exception was a group of species characterized by exceptionally high mortality rates that was confined to early successional stages in the two wet forests. The range of demographic strategies did not expand with succession. Our results suggest that studies of long‐term forest monitoring plots in old‐growth forests, from which most of our current understanding of demographic strategies of tropical tree species is derived, are surprisingly representative of demographic diversity in general, but do not replace the need for further studies in secondary forests.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

University of Connecticut

Yale-NUS College

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung Halle-Jena-Leipzig

Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico

Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

National Science Foundation

Comisión Nacional Forestal

U.S. Forest Service

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Publisher

Wiley

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