The role of thermoelectrical elements of Earth’s crust in the study of its thermal deep processes

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of thermoelectrical element. The model of thermoelectrical element of Earth’s crust was developed. Long-lived deep faults with graphite ores inside are the basis of the element, they provide continuous electrical connection between the upper part of Earth’s crust and the mantle. Temperature difference between them can reach 1 000 0С and more because of geotemperature gradient. That is why Seebeck effect causes thermopower and thermoelectrical currents moving directly upwards to arise. And that is the reason why natural electric potentials of high intensity up to –2…–10 V are fixed over graphitized rocks because of presence of thermopower. There was found a mathematical solution to quantify them. Stationary observation of those thermopotentials can help study Earth’s tense zones and control the dynamics of thermal deep processes, which are often connected with volcanic activity and seismic events.