Susceptibility ofPorphyromonas gingivalisandStreptococcus mutansto Antibacterial Effect fromMammea americana

Abstract

The development of periodontal disease and dental caries is influenced by several factors, such as microorganisms of bacterial biofilm or commensal bacteria in the mouth. These microorganisms trigger inflammatory and immune responses in the host. Currently, medicinal plants are treatment options for these oral diseases.Mammea americanaextracts have reported antimicrobial effects against several microorganisms. Nevertheless, this effect is unknown against oral bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect ofM. americanaextract againstPorphyromonas gingivalisandStreptococcus mutans. For this, an experimental study was conducted. Ethanolic extract was obtained from seeds ofM. americana(one oil phase and one ethanolic phase). The strains ofPorphyromonas gingivalisATCC 33277 andStreptococcus mutansATCC 25175 were exposed to this extract to evaluate its antibacterial effect. Antibacterial activity was observed with the two phases ofM. americanaextract onP. gingivalisandS. mutanswith lower MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration). Also, bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity was detected againstS. mutans, depending on the concentration of the extract, while onM. americanaextract presented only bacteriostatic activity againstP. gingivalis. These findings provide important and promising information allowing for further exploration in the future.