Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils againstCandida albicansStrains Isolated from Users of Dental Prostheses

Abstract

Objective. The objective of this study was to analyze the antifungal activity of citral, selected by screening natural products, againstCandida albicansisolates from subjects who use dental prostheses.Methodology. Screening of essential oils, including those fromMentha piperitaL. (Briq),Origanum vulgare, andZingiber officinaleL., and the phytoconstituents citral and limonene, to select an appropriate natural product. Citral, which mediated the best antifungal response, was selected for biological assays. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) for citral and nystatin were determined by the microdilution method. Micromorphological analyses, time-kill curve, and modulation tests were performed.Results. The MIC and MFC of citral were established as 32 μg/mL, consistent with fungicidal activity. The clinical strains were resistant to nystatin. Citral caused micromorphological alteration in the strains. In the time-kill curve, the growth of the clinical strain was reduction in growth equal to 3 log10colony-forming units per milliliter after exposure to the MIC andMIC×2of citral for 2 h. Citral did not modulate the resistance of the studied strains to nystatin.Conclusion. This study revealed the potential of citral as a fungicidal agent and highlighted the resistance of clinical strains ofC. albicansto nystatin.