Application of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography to Objectively Evaluate Posterior Capsular Opacity In Vivo

Abstract

Objectives. To objectively evaluate posterior capsular opacification (PCO) with RTVue-100 spectral domain-OCT and assess the agreement with the Pentacam system. Methods. Sixty-seven eyes diagnosed with PCO were included. RTVue-100 SD-OCT was used to scan the IOL outline and PCO at horizontal and vertical meridians. PCO was also imaged with a Pentacam and slit-lamp photography system. With RTVue-100 SD-OCT, the PCO area, thickness, density, and objective scores were recorded and used to evaluate the severity of PCO at 3 mm and 5 mm diameter ranges of the IOL optic region. We assessed the correlation of visual acuity, PCO characteristics, and PCO scores. PCO scores acquired from RTVue-100 SD-OCT images were also compared with those from the Pentacam. Differences between pear-type and fibrosis-type PCOs were also compared using RTVue-100 SD-OCT cross-sectional images. Results. The cross-sectional images of PCO acquired with RTVue-100 SD-OCT corresponded well to Pentacam and slit-lamp retroillumination images. IOL-posterior capsular space, area, thickness, and density of the proliferated and accumulated LECs could be clearly visualized and quantified with RTVue-100 SD-OCT. PCO scores were correlated with decreased visual acuity, which was in line with the outcomes using the Pentacam. Differences between the pear-type and fibrosis-type PCO were statistically significant; pear-type PCOs showed a wider and thicker opacification region with lower density compared with fibrosis-type PCOs. Conclusion. RTVue-100 SD-OCT could be a powerful tool in PCO objective evaluation and classification. OCT could be used to visualize the morphology and outline of PCO. Thus, it could discriminate and quantify differences between different types of PCO. PCO scores seem to be a useful factor that could reliably reflect PCO severity.