Affiliation:
1. Cancer Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Mathematics and Statistics, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts & the London School of Dentistry and Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
2. Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Institute of Cancer, Barts & the London School of Dentistry and Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
3. Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
4. Department of Histopathology, Whipps Cross Hospital, London, UK
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and its mapping is likely to provide biomarkers for improved diagnostic and risk assessment in prostate cancer (PCa). We quantified and compared absolute methylation levels among 28 candidate genes in 48 PCa and 29 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) samples using the pyrosequencing (PSQ) method to identify genes with diagnostic and prognostic potential.RARB, HIN1, BCL2, GSTP1, CCND2, EGFR5, APC, RASSF1A, MDR1, NKX2-5, CDH13, DPYS, PTGS2, EDNRB, MAL, PDLIM4, HLAa, ESR1andTIG1were highly methylated in PCa compared to BPH (p < 0.001), whileSERPINB5, CDH1, TWIST1, DAPK1, THRB, MCAM, SLIT2, CDKN2aandSFNwere not. RARB methylation above 21% completely distinguished PCa from BPH. Separation based on methylation level ofSFN, SLIT2andSERPINB5distinguished low and high Gleason score cancers, e.g.SFNandSERPINB5together correctly classified 81% and 77% of high and low Gleason score cancers respectively. Several genes includingCDH1previously reported as methylation markers in PCa were not confirmed in our study. Increasing age was positively associated with gene methylation (p < 0.0001).Accurate quantitative measurement of gene methylation in PCa appears promising and further validation of genes likeRARB, HIN1, BCL2, APC and GSTP1is warranted for diagnostic potential andSFN, SLIT2andSERPINB5for prognostic potential.
Subject
Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Genetics,Molecular Biology,General Medicine