Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) Arylesterase Activity Levels in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Aim. To review and compare the PON-1 arylesterase activity between coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-CAD patients. Methods. Data were obtained by searching MEDLINE and Scopus for all investigations published between January 1, 2000 and March 1, 2021 comparing PON-1 arylesterase activity between CAD and controls. Results. Twenty studies, based on 5417 patients, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. A random effect model revealed that PON-1 arylesterase activity was significantly lower in the CAD group compared to controls ( $\text{SMD}=–0.587$ , $95\%\text{CI}=-0.776$ to -0.339, $p<0.0001$ , $I^2=92.3\%$ ). In CAD patients, the PON-1 arylesterase activity was significantly higher among CAD patients without diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to those with diabetes (SMD: 0.235, 95% CI: 0.014 to 0.456, $p=0.03$ , $I^2=0\%$ ). Conclusions. PON-1 activity is significantly lower in CAD patients, and those without DM presented a significantly higher PON-1 arylesterase activity.