Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Toxicological Profile, and In Silico Studies of Dimeric Naphthoquinones from Diospyros lotus

Author:

Rauf Abdur1ORCID,Abu-Izneid Tareq2ORCID,Rashid Umer3ORCID,Alhumaydhi Fahad A.4ORCID,Bawazeer Saud5ORCID,Khalil Anees Ahmed6ORCID,Aljohani Abdullah S. M.7ORCID,Abdallah Emad M.8ORCID,Al-Tawaha Abdel Rahman9ORCID,Mabkhot Yahia Naseer1011ORCID,Shariati Mohammad Ali12ORCID,Plygun Sergey121314ORCID,Uddin Md. Sahab1516ORCID,Ntsefong Godswill Ntsomboh17ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi-Anbar-, 23430 KPK, Pakistan

2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain Campus, UAE

3. Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan

4. Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. Box 42, Saudi Arabia

6. University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan

7. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

8. Department of Laboratory Sciences, College of Sciences and Arts at Al-Rass, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia

9. Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan, Jordan

10. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia

11. Research Center for Advanced Materials Sciences (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 61413-Abha, 6113, Saudi Arabia

12. Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University Named after I.S. Turgenev, 302026 Orel, Russia

13. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel 4051, Switzerland

14. All Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow Region 143050, Russia

15. Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

16. Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh

17. Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1 & Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Cameroon

Abstract

Diospyros lotus, also known as date-plum, belongs to the Ebenaceae family and is mostly recognized as a rootstock for D. kaki. Similar classes of naphthoquinones in D. lotus are investigated against cancer and inflammation and have antimicrobial, sedative, and analgesic properties. Six chemical constituents (1-6) were isolated from Diospyros lotus and tested for anti-inflammatory effects at the dose of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.p., using carrageenan (1%, 0.05 ml)-induced paw edema. The maximum protection against carrageenan-induced edema was observed for compounds 1 and 2. Both studied compounds demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effect after the 3rd hour of posttreatment. The maximum anti-inflammatory effect of compound 1 was 85.96%, while that of compound 2 was 81.44%, followed by compounds 5 and 6, which exhibited 80.11% and 82.45% effect, respectively. Similarly, histamine-induced inflammation was significantly antagonized by 1, 2, 5, and 6 with 87.99%, 82.18±1.8, 80.40±1.59, and 77.44% effects, respectively, at 5 mg/kg after the 2nd hour of posttreatment. The rest of the tested compounds did not show any significant effect as compared to the negative control. Interestingly, no toxicity was observed at higher doses. Moreover, the extracted compounds showed remarkable antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria and no effect against the Gram-negative bacteria. Docking studies on target cyclooxygenases showed that all the compounds established interactions with the key amino acid residues present in the additional pocket of COX-2. Hence, these compounds may act as selective COX-2 inhibitors. In conclusion, the findings of the current study suggest that the roots of Diospyros lotus may contain some anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents with minimal toxicological effects and accordingly this plant product is recommended for further investigations.

Funder

King Khalid University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3