Geospatial Analysis of Extreme Weather Events in Nigeria (1985–2015) Using Self-Organizing Maps

Author:

Akande Adeoluwa1ORCID,Costa Ana Cristina1ORCID,Mateu Jorge2,Henriques Roberto1

Affiliation:

1. NOVA IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, 1070-312 Lisboa, Portugal

2. Department of Mathematics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon, Spain

Abstract

The explosion of data in the information age has provided an opportunity to explore the possibility of characterizing the climate patterns using data mining techniques. Nigeria has a unique tropical climate with two precipitation regimes: low precipitation in the north leading to aridity and desertification and high precipitation in parts of the southwest and southeast leading to large scale flooding. In this research, four indices have been used to characterize the intensity, frequency, and amount of rainfall over Nigeria. A type of Artificial Neural Network called the self-organizing map has been used to reduce the multiplicity of dimensions and produce four unique zones characterizing extreme precipitation conditions in Nigeria. This approach allowed for the assessment of spatial and temporal patterns in extreme precipitation in the last three decades. Precipitation properties in each cluster are discussed. The cluster closest to the Atlantic has high values of precipitation intensity, frequency, and duration, whereas the cluster closest to the Sahara Desert has low values. A significant increasing trend has been observed in the frequency of rainy days at the center of the northern region of Nigeria.

Funder

European Commission

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Atmospheric Science,Pollution,Geophysics

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