Knowledge Regarding Mechanical Ventilation and Practice of Ventilatory Care among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units in Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a backbone and major supportive modality in intensive care units (ICUs) even though it has side effects and complications. Knowledge of nurses about mechanical ventilators and good practice of nursing care for the ventilated patient plays a crucial role in improving the effectiveness of mechanical ventilation, preventing harm, and optimizing the patient outcome. This study intended to assess the knowledge regarding MV and the practice of ventilator care among nurses working in the ICU. Method. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted. All nurses working in the intensive care unit of selected governmental hospitals were included in the study. The data were collected from March 1 to 30, 2021 with structured and pretested self-administered questionnaires. The collected data were evaluated with SPSS version 26 software. The variables, which have an independent association with poor outcomes, were identified based on OR, with 95% CI and a $p$ value less than 0.05. Results. Of 146 nurses who participated in the study, 51.4% were males. About 71.4% had a BSc in nursing and 57.5% of them had training related to MV. More than half (51.4%) of nurses had poor knowledge regarding MV and the majority (58.9%) of them had poor practice in ventilatory care. The educational level (AOR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.190–22.002) was positively associated with knowledge. Likewise, the educational level (AOR 5.0 (1.011–24.971)) and work experience (AOR 4.543 (1.430–14.435)) were positively associated with the practice of nurses. Conclusions. Knowledge regarding mechanical ventilators and the practice of ventilatory care among nurses in the selected public hospitals was poor. The educational levels were found statistically associated with both the knowledge and practice of nurses. To improve nursing care offered for MV patients, upgrading the educational level of intensive care nurses plays a vital role.