No Evidence for Retinal Damage Evolving from Reduced Retinal Blood Flow in Carotid Artery Disease

Author:

Heßler Henning1,Zimmermann Hanna1,Oberwahrenbrock Timm1,Kadas Ella Maria1,Mikolajczak Janine1,Brandt Alexander U.1,Kauert Andreas2,Paul Friedemann13,Schreiber Stephan J.3

Affiliation:

1. NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany

2. Department of Neurology, Königin-Elisabeth-Herzberge Hospital, 10365 Berlin, Germany

3. Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany

Abstract

Introduction. Carotid artery disease (CAD) comprising high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis (CAS) or carotid artery occlusion (CAO) may lead to ipsilateral impaired cerebral blood flow and reduced retinal blood supply.Objective. To examine the influence of chronic CAD on retinal blood flow, retinal morphology, and visual function.Methods. Patients with unilateral CAS ≥ 50% (ECST criteria) or CAO were grouped according to the grade of the stenosis and to the flow direction of the ophthalmic artery (OA). Retinal perfusion was measured by transorbital duplex ultrasound, assessing central retinal artery (CRA) blood flow velocities. In addition, optic nerve and optic nerve sheath diameter were measured. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to study retinal morphology. Visual function was assessed using high- and low-contrast visual paradigms.Results. Twenty-seven patients were enrolled. Eyes with CAS ≥ 80%/CAO and retrograde OA blood flow showed a significant reduction in CRA peak systolic velocity (no-CAD side:0.130±0.035 m/s, CAS/CAO side:0.098±0.028;p=0.005;n=12). OCT, optic nerve thicknesses, and visual functional parameters did not show a significant difference.Conclusion. Despite assessable hemodynamic effects, chronic high-grade CAD does not lead to gaugeable morphological or functional changes of the retina.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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