Extending Lean Operating Limit and Reducing Emissions of Methane Spark-Ignited Engines Using a Microwave-Assisted Spark Plug

Author:

Rapp Vi H.1,DeFilippo Anthony1,Saxena Samveg1,Chen Jyh-Yuan1,Dibble Robert W.1,Nishiyama Atsushi2,Moon Ahsa2,Ikeda Yuji2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 50B Hesse Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740, USA

2. Imagineering Inc., Room 351, Welv Rokko 2nd Building, 4-1-1 Fukada, Nada, Kobe 657-0038, Japan

Abstract

A microwave-assisted spark plug was used to extend the lean operating limit (lean limit) and reduce emissions of an engine burning methane-air. In-cylinder pressure data were collected at normalized air-fuel ratios ofλ=1.46,λ=1.51,λ=1.57,λ=1.68, andλ=1.75. For eachλ, microwave energy (power supplied to the magnetron per engine cycle) was varied from 0 mJ (spark discharge alone) to 1600 mJ. At lean conditions, the results showed adding microwave energy to a standard spark plug discharge increased the number of complete combustion cycles, improving engine stability as compared to spark-only operation. Addition of microwave energy also increased the indicated thermal efficiency by 4% atλ=1.68. Atλ=1.75, the spark discharge alone was unable to consistently ignite the air-fuel mixture, resulting in frequent misfires. Although microwave energy produced more consistent ignition than spark discharge alone atλ=1.75, 59% of the cycles only partially burned. Overall, the microwave-assisted spark plug increased engine performance under lean operating conditions(λ=1.68)but did not affect operation at conditions closer to stoichiometric.

Funder

University of Michigan

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Condensed Matter Physics,Fuel Technology,General Chemical Engineering

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